9  Isotopes

Data is from the Compendium Isotoporum Medii Aevi (CIMA) database (Cocozza et al., 2022) and from the IsoArch database.

Figure 9.1: Human isotopes available for the Italian peninsula in the first millennium CE.

9.1 6th–12th century CE

(a) Early Medieval / Medieval sites, colored by Type

(b) Early Medieval / Medieval sites, colored by Macroregion

Figure 9.2: Human isotopes (300-1100 CE). Source

9.2 Intrasite variability

Figure 9.3: Human isotopes (501-1200 CE). Points represent the mean for each site and the bars show the standard deviation.

Figure 9.4: Human isotopes (501-1200 CE). Standard deviation within individual settlements. The d15N st.dev. median (0.98) shows higher variability than d13C values.

Cocozza, C., Cirelli, E., Groß, M., Teegen, W.-R., Fernandes, R., 2022. Presenting the Compendium Isotoporum Medii Aevi, a Multi-Isotope Database for Medieval Europe. Scientific Data 9, 354.